Battle of Kalogeriko
Short Description:
The battle was fought on July 16, 1907, in the Kalogeriko ravine, near the village of Losnitsa, between armed corps of Greek Macedonian fighters, led by Captain Nikolaos Tsotakos (Captain Germas) and Gregorios Falireas (Captain Zakas), against strong Ottoman forces. During the battle, 23 Macedonian fighters lost their lives, including Captain Germas and his deputy, Vasileios Tsibidaros (Captain Tsibidas), while 11 others were captured. Despite being wounded, Captain Zakas managed to escape through the ravine. In 1928, in recognition of the sacrifice of Lieutenant Nikolaos Tsotakos, the village of Losnitsa was renamed "Germas".
Photo gallery:
Detailed Description:
On July 11, Lieutenant Nikolaos Tsotakos (Captain Germas) arrived at Vogatsiko with his armed corps of 40 men. Northeast of Vogatsiko, near the church of Agios Georgios, the armed corps of Captain Germas met that of Gregory Falireas (Captain Zakas). On the same night (July 12), strong Ottoman forces entered the villages of Vogatsiko, Losnitsa (now Germas) and Kostarazi. The Ottoman soldiers advanced to the surrounding hills and encircled the Macedonian troops camped in the mountains.
The head of the Vogatsiko committee, priest Papademos, had warned the Greek chieftains of the coming Ottoman forces and suggested that they hide in a ravine leading from the monastery of St. Nicholas Tsirilovo to Losnitsa. So, the Macedonian fighters spent the first night in a cave, and the next night they moved to the "Kalogeriko" ravine, a position known to the armed forces, especially to Captain Zaka's group.
However, the Ottoman army, fully aware of the existence of the armed corps of the Greek Macedonian bands in the area, surrounded the Kalogeriko ravine and began the attack in the early hours of July 16. About 150 Ottoman soldiers attacked the Macedonian soldiers from all directions. During the battle, only a few Macedonian fighters managed to escape the fierce pursuit. A total of 11 were captured, while Captain Germas and his second in command, Staff Sergeant Vasilios Tsibidaros (Captain Tsibidas), as well as 21 other Macedonian fighters were killed by Ottoman fire. Despite being wounded, Captain Zakas managed to escape through the ravine.
In honor of Lieutenant Nikolaos Tsotakos, the Greek state renamed the village of Losnitsa to Germas by presidential decree of July 17, 1928 (Official Gazette 156, Vol. A, 08.08.1928).
Indicative Literature:
Βακαλόπουλος Κωνσταντίνος Α., Μακεδονικός Αγώνας. Η ένοπλη φάση 1904-1908, Θεσσαλονίκη: Εκδόσεις Μπαρμπουνάκης, 1987.
Μόδης Γεώργιος, Ο Μακεδονικός Αγών και η νεώτερη Μακεδονική ιστορία, Θεσσαλονίκη: Εταιρεία Μακεδονικών Σπουδών ‒ Μακεδονική Βιβλιοθήκη 26, 1967.
Πετσίβας Γεώργιος (επιμ.), Ιωάννου Καραβίτη. Ο Μακεδονικός Αγών. Απομνημονεύματα, τ. 1-2, Αθήνα 1994.
Χατζής Δημήτριος Κ., Ιστορία του Μακεδονικού Αγώνος: Αθήναι 1971.
Dakin Douglas, The Greek struggle in Macedonia, 1897-1913, Θεσσαλονίκη: Ίδρυμα Μελετών Χερσονήσου του Αίμου, 1966.
Related locations
Bust of Nikolaos Tsotakos (Captain Germas). Central square of Germas, Kastoria

Bust of Nikolaos Tsotakos (Captain Germas). Central square of Germas, Kastoria
Mass tomb of those fallen in the Battle of Kalogeriko. tombyard of Germas

Mass tomb of those fallen in the Battle of Kalogeriko. tombyard of Germas
Monument to an unknown Macedonian fighter

Monument to an unknown Macedonian fighter





